Ray Colliers Wildlife in the North – Dragonflies and Damselflies

It is not too late to see the last of the dragonflies and damselflies for this summer  and there can be no  better  place in the Highlands  than Loch Bran.    This comparatively small roadside loch is just to the south of Loch Ness near Foyers, surrounded by trees, and is a haven for a wide variety of fauna and flora.    A sunny day can reveal a of host of wildlife  such as birds, dragonflies, butterflies and many aquatic plants.    It is, for example, one of the few places in the north where both frogs and toads breed in the same loch and there is always  the chance of seeing little grebes and occasionally even the very rare Slavonian grebes.    A recent visit produced the large and impressive  golden-ringed dragonfly, a few black darters, a four spottet chaser, see photograph,  and several common blue damselflies.   The black  darters were still busy pairing up, mating and laying their eggs on the beds of Sphagnum mosses at the water’s edge.  The male darters  looked very black whilst the females were mainly a contrasting golden yellow. They are the smallest of the darters and have been on the wing as adults since as early as  July.

To my  mind the golden-ringed dragonfly is one of the most impressive  of insects with a wing span of up to over 100 mm.  The female has the longest body of all the British dragonflies.   The golden rings are all around the black body and both male and females are completely gold and black apart from the large green eyes.  Even their legs are black.  They are unusual in the British dragonflies as they lay their eggs in  flowing water although when feeding they are not confined to such areas.    Apart from the burns and slow rivers where they breed they range  far and wide in their search for food.  This is one of the reasons  they are at Loch Bran, to feed.    In practice they will patrol an  area for a long time searching for insects.   I often  see them hawking for food along narrow roads in Strathnairn.  Ironically the short time we see them in the summer months is only a small part of their lives.  The  larvae of the golden-ringed dragonfly can spend between two to five years under water before it emerges as an adult.  The number of years depends on food availability and water temperature.  As adults they will fly between early June and mid-September and then, once they have mated  and laid their eggs, they all die with the onset of winter.     The superb illustration of the golden-ringed dragonfly is by Ben Cormack who lives in the Isle of Eigg.

Loch Bran has one of the most extensive  beds of white water lilies anywhere in the Highlands and, earlier this month, because of the late season this year, they were all still in   full flower and  very impressive indeed.  The beds stretched  almost all over the loch and the only open  area was a wide strip along the north side.  There is another much more open and larger area of the loch on the east side but this is nowhere as good  for wildlife as the, albeit smaller, western section.  The reason is that the western part is shallow over a very large part and this is just right for a wide range of aquatic freshwater plants to flourish.   Interestingly the open  woodland glades around the loch’s margins still attract speckled wood butterflies and some were still on the wing although very tattered.